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保護臭氧層 各國成立多邊基金補助第三世界國家

2005年12月21日
ENS塞內加爾,達卡報導;楊璧如、蘇家億編譯;蔡麗伶審校

為了向開發中的國家推廣對臭氧層無害的技術,蒙特婁公約締約國於塞內加爾達卡展開為期一週的會議後,通過了一項為期三年的計畫,將於2006至2008年間支出4億7千萬美元。

這項協助開發中國家淘汰臭氧破壞物質的國際協議,可說是反映了國際間對於臭氧層破壞情形的關切。

調查指出,南極上空同溫層的臭氧層破洞,今年9月間已達到2萬5,900平方公里,大小相當於北美洲的面積,相當接近2003年創下的臭氧層破洞最嚴重紀錄。

12月6日於舊金山舉行之美國地球物理學會中,科學家已指出,依照最新數據推算,臭氧層復原的時間比以前所預計的還要久。

依據新的臭氧測量技術及電腦模擬程式,美國政府科學家重新估算出,南極上空臭氧層要到2065年才能恢復,比以前預計復原時間晚了15年,原因是因為在開發中國家仍繼續使用舊式設備,而持續釋放氟氯碳化物(CFC)至大氣中。

自1990年來,蒙特婁公約締約國成立的「多邊基金」(Multilateral Fund),已陸續投注將近20億美元的資金,推動各項能力建構(capacity building)相關計畫,以逐步淘汰臭氧層破壞物質。

蒙特婁公約執行秘書葛薩拉茲(Marco Gonzalez)說:「協助開發中國家淘汰氟氯碳化物,是復原臭氧層的必要步驟。」

Developing Countries Funded for Ozone Safe Technology
DAKAR, Senegal, December 16, 2005 (ENS)

A budget of US$470 million to support developing countries as they switch to technologies that do not deplete the Earth's stratospheric ozone layer has been approved by the member states of the Montreal Protocol. The funds will be used during the three year period 2006 to 2008.

Concluding their week long conference in Dakar, the agreement to complete the developing countries phaseout of ozone-depleting substances reflects continued international concern about the damaged condition of the ozone layer.

In September, the seasonal hole in the stratospheric ozone layer that appears over Antarctica reached a maximum of 25,900 square kilometers, equivalent to the size of North America, and close to the record set in 2003.

The ozone layer may take longer to recover than previously thought, scientists announced on December 6 at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco.

Based on a combination of new ozone measurements and computer models, U.S. government scientists revised the date generally used to estimate Antarctic ozone recovery from 2050 to 2065 - 15 years longer than previously predicted, due to the continued release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) from old equipment still in use in developed countries.

The newly agreed funding package will supplement the almost $2 billion already disbursed since 1990 by the Protocol’s Multilateral Fund on capacity building and projects for phasing out ozone depleting substances.

"Completing the phase out of CFCs by developing countries is essential for returning the stratospheric ozone layer to health," said Marco Gonzalez, executive secretary of the Montreal Protocole.

作者

蔡麗伶(LiLing Barricman)

In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.