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根據美國聯邦政府科學家與美國國家海洋和大氣管理局(NOAA)所公佈的資料顯示，上月全球陸地與海洋表面溫度打破了三月的歷史新高。
分開來看的話，海洋表面的溫度是所有三月份最高的，陸地表面溫度則是三月的歷史第4高。
此外，NOAA分析後結論道：全球今年一至三月份期間的溫度，也達到歷史第4高。
國家氣候資料中心(National Climatic Data Center)每個月的分析記錄，可以追朔到1880年，此紀錄是NOAA對政府、商界以及社團領袖所提供的氣候服務之一，以便他們能夠做出明智的決定。
三月份合併後的全球陸地與海洋表面平均溫度比20世紀平均溫高了攝氏0.77度。
NOAA在三月的發現，被美國國家航空暨太空總署(NASA)的高達德(Goddard)研究所所證實，三月的全球地表月均溫高於20世紀均溫攝氏1.1度。
國家氣候資料中心發現，熱帶太平洋東部聖嬰現象(El Nino)的暖化趨勢有稍減為中等強度的趨勢，「但是仍顯著的使熱帶以及整體海洋溫度上升」。
NOAA的氣候預測中心說，聖嬰現象對北半球的影響預計至少將持續整個春季。
世界其他地區也記錄到了破紀錄的三月高溫。據北京氣候中心表示，西藏經歷了自1951年有史以來第二暖的三月。
北京氣候中心也在中國新疆記錄到了自1951年以來，破紀錄的三月份降雨量，而吉林和上海今年三月份的降雨量則是歷史上第二高。與此同時，中國南部的廣西和海南省則經歷了史上最乾燥的三月。
印度氣象局表示，印度的新德里亦記錄到了自1901年以來第二暖的三月。
三月份北極海冰的平均覆蓋面積是1510萬平方公里。比1979到2000年間的平均覆蓋面積低了4.1%，是自1979年有紀錄以來，所有三月份中第五小的面積。
每年三月是以往北極海冰覆蓋面積最大的時候，NOAA的科學家觀察到，這是連續第17年北極海冰覆蓋量在三月份低於平均水準。
今年北極海冰在三月31日達到最大覆蓋量，這是自1979年有衛星紀錄以來，最晚的一次。
今年三月南極的海冰面積比1979至2000年間的平均值少了6.9%，這是史上第八小的三月份海冰覆蓋量。
加拿大環境部表示，加拿大安大略省的許多地方，今年三月完全沒有雪的蹤跡，打破了降雪的新低紀錄。
環保科學家聯盟(Union of Concerned Scientists, UCS)與氣候學家菲茨派翠克(Melanie Fitzpatrick)說，這些新的數據是整體趨勢的一部分。
「全球持續暖化的趨勢，打破了過去幾年被部分人所推銷，全球會逐漸變冷的神話，」菲茨派翠克說。
「雖然我們不能由單一月份的數據，做出強有力的結論，但我們知道，全球暖化會在未來帶給人類更多破紀錄的溫度，高溫的月份只是預告了將來會有更多的熱浪、更多的乾旱、更多的動物試圖遷移到較冷的區域而導致物種滅絕，而適合生存的棲地將越來越少，」她說。
「好消息是，全球暖化對我們經濟以及環境的影響程度，最終還是取決於我們自己，」菲茨派翠克說，「如果我們的(溫室氣體)排放量顯著減少，我們就能避免氣候變遷所帶來最糟的影響。」
The world's combined global land and ocean surface temperature made last month the warmest March on record, according to federal government scientists with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA.
Taken separately, average ocean temperatures were the warmest for any March and the global land surface was the fourth warmest for any March on record.
Additionally, the planet has seen the fourth warmest January through March period on record, NOAA analysts conclude.
The monthly National Climatic Data Center analysis, based on records going back to 1880, is part of the suite of climate services NOAA provides government, business and community leaders so they can make informed decisions.
The combined global land and ocean average surface temperature in March was 1.39 degrees Fahrenheit above the 20th century average.
NOAA's finding for March was confirmed by NASA's Goddard Institute, which found the combined average global land-surface air temperature in March was a record-breaking 1.9 degrees Fahrenheit above the 20th century average.
The National Climatic Data Center observed that El Nino warming trend in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean weakened to moderate strength in March, but it "contributed significantly to the warmth in the tropical belt and the overall ocean temperature."
NOAA's Climate Prediction Center says El Nino is expected to continue its influence in the Northern Hemisphere at least through the spring.
Elsewhere around the world, record-high temperatures were recorded in March. According to the Beijing Climate Center, Tibet experienced its second warmest March since historical records began in 1951.
In China, the Xinjiang province had its wettest March since records began in 1951, while Jilin and Shanghai had their second wettest March on record. Meanwhile, Guangxi and Hainan provinces in southern China experienced their driest March on record, according to the Beijing Climate Center.
Delhi, India also had its second warmest March since records began in 1901, according to the India Meteorological Department.
Arctic sea ice covered an average of 5.8 million square miles (15.1 million square kilometers) during March. This is 4.1 percent below the 1979-2000 average expanse, and the fifth-smallest March coverage since records began in 1979.
Ice coverage traditionally reaches its maximum in March, and NOAA scientists observed that this was the 17th consecutive March with below-average Arctic sea ice coverage.
This year the Arctic sea ice reached its maximum size on March 31, the latest date for the maximum Arctic sea ice extent since satellite records began in 1979.
The Antarctic sea ice expanse in March was 6.9 percent below the 1979-2000 average, resulting in the eighth smallest March ice coverage on record.
Many locations across Ontario, Canada received no snow, or traces of snow, in March, which set new low snowfall records, according to Environment Canada.
Melanie Fitzpatrick, a climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists, says the recent data are part of an overarching trend.
"The continuing warming trend of temperatures worldwide explodes the global cooling myth contrarians have been peddling for the past several years," Fitzpatrick said.
"While we can't draw strong conclusions from a single month, we know that global warming will bring more record-breaking temperatures in the future. Hot months are just a harbinger of a future that could include more heat waves, more droughts, and species extinctions as animals attempt to migrate to colder areas and run out of habitat," she said.
"The good news is that the degree to which global warming affects our economy and environment is ultimately up to us," Fitzpatrick said. "If we significantly reduce emissions, we can avoid the worst effects of climate change."
作者
In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.
