|
以下提供一份數量有限的關於河流、水資源和能源問題的優秀出版物清單。
《靜靜流淌的河流：大壩生態和大壩政策》（1996年），作者派屈克•麥卡利，倫敦載德書社出版。此書清楚、簡要地描述了大壩對環境的作用，對人類造成的後果，技術上的失誤以及大壩所帶來的難以捉摸之利益，書中也包括對世界各地的大壩歷史、大壩政策的批判分析以及國際反水壩組織日益壯大的活動。（更多資訊請參照上列《大壩之外》一文）。
《消失的水域》（1998年），作者是南非開普敦大學的布萊恩•戴維斯與珍妮•岱。此書描述了自尚比西河谷以南乾旱地區的內陸水域所面臨的問題，詳細描述了非洲南部的供水危機、水的分佈、由於過度開發供水工程而誤用、濫用水資源、該地區的農民和城裏的人又過度抽取水資源等等。各章節講述了沿海湖泊、濕地、河口、蓄水庫、常流河、間歇河的生態功能及其保護、管理，以及它們的分佈、利用及濫用等情況。本書其他章節所講述的是各種水污染及其控制、水媒疾病、入侵物種以及水壩對生態的影響、盆地內部水流對該地區河流生態系統的改變。此書還廣泛檢視了水資源供需對立狀態下的管理方式、供水的替代方案、節水設計，以及南非改革性的新《水法》頒佈之後的農業用水、工業用水與家庭用水情況。本書鎖定的讀者是：對此類問題感興趣的公眾、教師、科學家、提倡資源保護人士、管理人員和學生。更多資訊：UCT新聞社：
uctpress@hiddingh.uct.ac.za.
《用水體檢：你的學校如何做到智慧用水》（1997年），由「嘉卡納教育組織」與水利暨林業部底下的「開普敦國家節水運動組織」出版。對教師來說，這本書是一本很好的課程指導，幫助更多的學校兒童認識到水資源短缺這一現象。該書使用漫畫和活動散頁形式，幫助孩子們在學校和家裏扮演水「體檢」員的角色。這本書啟發老師們如何把這個專案和課程的其他部分聯繫起來。一個問題是：儘管這本手冊對節水的需要講得非常詳細，但是它在水壩及河流改道對集水流域和河流造成的影響方面卻很少提及。更多資訊：嘉卡納教育組織，南非Houghton街2041號 郵政信箱2004，電話：(011) 648.1157；或 水利部國家節水運動組織，開普敦8000， Private Bag X9052，電話：(021) 462.1460
《世界河流回顧》，雙月刊，由國際河網（International Rivers Networks）出版，描述了世界河流和集水流域所面臨的主要威脅所在、積極保護河流的水壩抗爭人士日益壯大的運動、關於金融機構提供融資給傷害性計劃的資訊，以及替代能源和替代水利工程的典型事例；網站上可以看到很多論述：請見www.irn.org.。IRN 提供了很多背景資料（請見上面《水壩》一文）。雙月刊的訂閱年費是35美元。
《世界的水1998-1999：淡水資源雙年報告》（1998），作者彼得•格列克，美國華盛頓特區島嶼印刷社（Island Press）出版。這本書詳細透徹、資料詳盡、激動人心，關注很多水利事務，從由水引起的疾病到大壩，無一不關心。該書還包括了自1500年至今因水而起的紛爭的年表；各圖表表明在一段時期每個國家的人口可用的淡水百分比，國家、各部門所抽取的淡水，以及至關重要的新水法全文。水利概要部分包括與淡水有關的新的科學發現和新的技術。更多資訊：島嶼印刷社，1718 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009；或發展與環境ST安全太平洋研究機構，654 13th Street, Preservation Park, Oakland, CA 94612；電話：510.251.1600，傳真：510.251.2203；網址：www.pacinst.org/pacinst.
【文章連載】
■河流看守員手冊－資料來源
(上) (下)
版權歸屬國際河網IRN，環境資訊協會（陶俊 譯，吳國玢、李瑞玉 審校）
中英對照全文：http://e-info.org.tw/issue/water/2002/
wa02010701.htm
|
|
Silenced Rivers: The Ecology and Politics of Large Dams (1996) by Patrick McCully. Zed Books, London. This book describes in a clear and concise manner the environmental effects, human consequences, technical failures and elusive benefits of large dams. Includes a critical analysis of the history and politics of dam building worldwide, and the rapid growth of the international anti-dam people's movement. (See Beyond Big Dams, above, for address)
Vanishing Waters (1998) by Bryan Davies and Jenny Day. University of Cape Town, South Africa. This book covers the crisis facing inland waters in the dryland regions of southern Africa, from the Zambezi Valley southwards. The book details southern Africa's water-supply crisis, distribution of water, and the misuse and abuse of water through over-engineering for water supply projects and over-abstraction by farming communities and urban populations of the region. Separate chapters cover the ecological functioning, conservation and management of coastal lakes, wetlands, estuaries, reservoirs, and perennial and intermittent rivers, and their distribution, uses and abuses. The book also contains extensive chapters on the many kinds of water pollution and their control, water-borne diseases, invasive organisms, and the ecological impacts of dams and inter-basin water transfers on river ecosystems throughout the region. There is an extensive review of water-supply versus water- demand management, alternate sources of water supply, water-savings devices as well as agricultural, industrial and domestic uses of water in the context of the revolutionary new South African Water Law. Aimed at the interested lay public, teachers, scientists, conservationists, managers and students. For more information: UCT Press:
uctpress@hiddingh.uct.ac.za.
Water Audit: How your school can be water-wise (1997), published by Jacana Education and by Department of Water Affairs and Forestry / National Water Conservation Campaign, Cape Town. An good curriculum guide for teachers, to help raise awareness about water wastage in schoolchildren (Std. 4- 8). Uses comics and activity sheets to help children perform water audits at their schools and homes. Gives teachers ideas for linking the programme to other parts of the curriculum. One problem: although the booklet is thorough on the need to conserve water, it is very weak on the impacts of dams and water diversions on catchments and rivers. For more information: Jacana Education, PO Box 2004, Houghton 2041, South Africa; Tel: (011) 648.1157. OR Department of Water Affairs National Water Conservation Campaign, Private Bag X9052, Cape Town 8000; Tel: (021) 462.1460.
World Rivers Review a bimonthly publication by International Rivers Network, reports on major threats to the world's rivers and catchments, the growing movement of dam activists fighting to save their rivers, information about the financial institutions funding bad projects, and feature stories on alternative energy and water projects; A number of issues are available on-line: see www.irn.org. Back issues are available from IRN (see Beyond Big Dams, above, for address). Annual subscription is US$35.
The World's Water 1998-99 The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources (1998), by Peter Gleick. Island Press, Washington, DC. A thorough, well-documented and fascinating look at a broad range of water issues, from water-borne disease to large dams. Includes a chronology of water conflicts from 1500 to the present; charts showing each nation's percent of population with access to fresh water over time, and freshwater withdrawals by country and sector, and the full text of key new water laws. The Water Briefs section includes updates on scientific discoveries or new technologies pertaining to fresh water. For more information: Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009; or The Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment ST Security; 654 13th Street, Preservation Park, Oakland, CA 94612; Tel:510.251.1600; Fax: 510.251.2203; Web:
www.pacinst.org/pacinst.
|
