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當水務及森林部部長Kadar Asmal教授邀請環保人士和社區參與保護當地的集水流域，並推廣集水流域整合管理計畫（ICPA）時，南非野生生物與環境學會立即響應。1996年10月發起的「Karkloof集水流域整合管理計畫」就是其成果。
被選為計畫示範的Karkloof河集水流域，位於Pietermaritzburg西北部50公里處，離KwaZulu-Natal省的德班市95公里。Karkloof 河是源自Drakensberg 丘陵地帶的Mgeni河的支流，在德班附近流入印度洋。
選擇該集水流域的主要原因有二：Karkloof河集水流域是KwaZuiu-Nataf地區私人擁有的最重要的生物多樣性保護區之一；它同時又是該地區的重要水資源，為市區和介於Pietermaritzburg市與德班大都市地區之間的城市周圍走廊地帶供水。
Karkloof河集水流域整合管理計畫的基本目標是，鼓勵所有的利益關係人參與現存的資源保護，並以永續化的方式管理這些資源，尤其將重點放在用水方面。該計畫的目的在於鼓勵集水流域中的地主成為利益關係人脈絡中的一角，來關心各種現有自然資源的保護方式、評估集水流域目前的土地使用狀況、為該地區籌劃土地使用計畫，並提出具體的可行方案。
該計畫主辦了一個研習營，向民眾報告新的水資源法案的一些背景原則、草擬集水流域管理方式的綱要、記錄各界所關注的問題，以及開闢集水流域管理論壇，同時並收集有關集水流域的各種基本資料。
在過去短短數年中，該學會已獲得了有關發起和推動集水流域管理計畫的實務經驗，並學習到許多重要教訓，其中包括：認清並參與已經在此領域從事研究活動的社會團體或組織、立即向利害關係者和相關單位提供有利的幫助以證實己方的誠心、確立工作的目標和進度、確保運作過程的透明度、儘早展開資訊傳遞過程等。
此計畫打算為Karkloof河制訂與新的國家水資源法案相一致的集水流域管理計畫，並將其付諸實施；建立水質監管專案，作為總的管理計畫的一部分；協助為較大的集水流域內的其他次集水流域建立論壇並制訂管理計畫。在1999年初，該學會起草了一項提議，為所有南非集水流域中類似於Karkloof的集水流域提供集水流域整合管理專案的資金。
該學會深信，集水流域整合管理是非洲南部邁向資源保護的正確途徑，並應廣泛實施，以助於所有河流集水地的保護與智慧管理。欲知詳情，請見聯絡地址。
版權歸屬Earth Day Network，環境信託基金會（陶俊 譯， 吳國玢、張正慈 審校）
中英對照全文：http://news.ngo.org.tw/issue/water/2001/issue-water-irn01061101.htm
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When the Minister for the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Professor Kadar Asmal, challenged environmentalists and communities to become involved in protecting local catchments and working to promote Integrated Catchment Management (ICPA) plans, the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa jumped at the chance. The Karkloof Integrated Catchment Management Project, initiated in October 1996, was the result.
The Karkloof River catchment, chosen for the pilot project, is situated 50 km north west of Pietermaritzburg and 95 km from Durban in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. The Karkloof River is a tributary of the Mgeni River which rises in the foothills of the Drakensberg range and flows into the Indian Ocean at Durban.
There were two primary reasons for choosing this catchment. The Karkloof River catchment is one of the most important conservation areas for biodiversity in private ownership in KwaZuiu-Nataf. It is also an important source of water for the region, supplying water for the urban and peri-urban- corridor between Pietermaritzburg and the Durban Metropolitan area.
The primary aims of the Karkloof River integrated Catchment Management Project are to encourage all stakeholders to participate in the conservation of the existing resources and manage these resources in a sustainable way with particular emphasis on water use. The project aims to encourage catchment land owners to become part of a stakeholder network that will look at ways in which the existing natural resources can be conserved; assess the present land use of the catchment; prepare a land use plan for the area, and recommend ways it can be carried out
The project held a workshop to inform people of the principles behind the new Water Act; outlined the proposed governing structures for catchment management; recorded the concerns of all parties, and established a catchment management forum. Baseline data on the catchment is being collected as well.
During the past few years the Society has gained experience in the setting up and running of a catchment management project. Some of the key lessons learned include: Identify and involve any social structure or organization already working in the study area; offer practical benefits to interested and affected parties immediately so that people know you mean business; set goals and dates to work towards; make sure that the process is a transparent one; and start the information transfer process as soon as possible.
The project intends to prepare and implement a catchment management plan for the Karkloof River in line with the requirements of the new National Water Act; to establish a water quality monitoring programme as part of this management plan; and to assist with the establishment of forums and management plans for the other sub-catchments within the larger catchment. In early 1999 the Society drafted a proposal for financing integrated catchment management projects, similar to Karkloof, in all South African catchments.
The Society strongly believes that integrated catchment management is the way forward for conservation in Southern Africa, and should be widely used to help in the conservation and wise management of all river catchments. For more information, see Contacts.
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