今年,為了參加「西夏文明研究展望國際學術研討會(International
Conference “Tangut civilization:
scientific traditions and
Perspectives of Research”,St.
Petersburg State University, the
State Hermitage, and Institute of
Oriental Studies Of the Russian
Academy of Sciences,2006/11/01-04 at
St.
Petersburg)」,我再度拜訪聖彼得堡,掛單在瓦西里島的國立聖彼得堡大學哲學系。每週兩天,我走過跨越涅瓦河的大橋,到東方研究所的手稿部閱看西夏文獻收藏。再次摩挲泛黃的紙卷,無端愁緒一再湧上心頭。一度沈埋流沙的西夏文獻,經探險家科茲洛夫之手,從額濟納河的黑水城帶到波羅的海的冬宮。6一方面,世人有幸,再度認識當年的西夏文明,開啟國際西夏學的研究。另一方面,考古發掘,是否未經同意的驚動了文物主人的魂魄?文物一旦出土,就不可避免的加速朽壞的宿命;倘若不是我來多事,會不會紙卷的朽壞可以稍微慢一點?文物被帶離出土地,在幽閉的深宮,他們會不會也想家、寂寞,歡喜有我來作伴?如果不是因緣際會,我不會以廿年的歲月閱讀西夏文獻。我從不懷疑自有能人研究西夏語,從不擔心這些紙卷短期之內會消失不見;為什麼只要一拿到管理員送來的紙卷、坐上閱覽室的椅子,我總是一動不動的埋首抄寫,彷彿有許多無形的手相催促?以有涯逐無涯,我勢不可能盡閱收藏;我該怎麼做,才能回報數百年前的智慧心靈?
6. 研討會由日本的Nakawo教授開場,他的講題是The
Change in the Natural Conditions is
the Decline of Tangut
State。從黑水城出土西夏文獻,說到本地人的缺水。真個滄海桑田啊,由於河流改道,原來注入居延海的水全消失了;額濟納河的水現在注入北方的湖泊,黑水城南邊的沙漠面積日益擴大。結論時,他說:“We
do have to know the past history for
solving the global environmental
issues, since we have no other way
than to learn from the past. This
should be implemented by both
reading past documents and utilizing
all the evidences, including
archaeological relies as well as
natural proxies to tell something in
the past. The history of khara khoto
should also provides a clue for
finding how to deal with the present
problems.”。