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大會代表意識到海洋保護區，比起受保護的陸地，相對而言比例上非常少。因而有部分代表提議將更多的海岸及海洋地區列入保護。
塞內加爾漁業部部長迪歐夫（Pape Diouf）宣佈將在塞內加爾境內的海岸地區設立四處海洋保護區，範圍涵蓋超過7500平方公里，以維持當地漁業生態並保有生物多樣性。
MAVA基金會（MAVA
Foundation）允諾贊助500萬歐元以支持建立西非海岸地區保護區網絡系統。此一計劃將連結現有的海洋保護區，建立新保護區，並且開發一個由政府與民間合作的特殊地域系統。
MAVA 基金會的哈夫曼博士（Dr. Luc
Hoffmann）說道：「我深信，這個由非洲六國及更多其他組織共同合作計劃，將可以更有效地管理海岸區資源利用並助於保護數以百萬計小規模魚群生態的存活。」
世界自然保育聯盟的鯊魚專家在保護區大會中提出警告，海洋保護區或許是某些瀕臨絕種的鯊魚生存的最後一線希望。科學家也表示，假如某些種類的鯊魚沒有受到立即的保護，比如像鋸鮫，他們很快就會絕種。並非所有的鯊魚種類都已經被發現，有些甚至在還未被歸類以前，就已經遭到過度捕殺。
全球共有六個拉丁美洲國家加入了世界自然保育聯盟與國際保育組織、美國福特基金會以及其他當地地方性組織以保存著名的高地遺跡──「印加之道」（Great
Inca
Trail）。橫跨祕魯、玻利維亞、厄瓜多、阿根廷、智利以及哥倫比亞等國的這一個保護區網絡系統，將助於保存古文明帝國的文化與自然遺跡，並維持安地斯山區的生活型態。
世界自然保育聯盟，美國自然保育聯盟，世界自然基金會共同在大會中宣示，他們協力創立全球火災防治協會。這個協會的目的在於預防造成嚴重損害的森林大火，比如像今年夏天肆虐北美、歐洲以及世界其他地區的森林火災。
為了探討水資源匱乏的問題，世界自然保育聯盟環境法律委員會已認可維瓦特蘭大學法學院曼德拉學會作為水資源法示範中心。從2004年起，這個中心將主辦水源法的證照與碩士課程，以符合律師或其他專業人士的需求。
巴西境內亞馬桑那州政府宣告六處新設立的保護區，面積涵蓋380萬公頃-相當於比利時的國土大小，擁有全世界數種最豐富的生物多樣性。國際保育組織也將提供至少100萬美元支持這項提案。
同樣在巴西，阿瑪帕州也宣布設立生物多樣性走廊，涵蓋該州71%面積，共計1000萬公頃，面積略大於整個葡萄牙國土。這個新興的保護區包含世界上最大的熱帶雨林公園，捍衛著上百種特殊的動植物。根據所達成的協議，阿瑪帕政府將投資1500萬美元在為期四年的計劃進程；而世界保育組織則將透過全球保育基金投資160萬美元以確保生物多樣性走廊能順利完成。
世界保護區委員會主席米勒博士（Dr. Kenton
Miller）認為第五屆保護區大會相當成功。他表示：「世界各國堅守1993年在委內瑞拉首府卡拉卡斯舉行的上屆大會所做出的決議。許多當時設下的目標今天已經達成，我們甚至已經超過預期的目標。」
米勒博士又說道：「地表上超過10%的區域受到保護，這樣的事實說明了我們當年的承諾實現了。今天所達成的議程正式確認各項權益並確保利益平均分配。到了2013年，當我們再度回顧十年的努力，我們可以滿懷希望地為嶄新的成果感到驕傲。」
【文章連載】
 保護區議題開花結果 第五屆世界保護區大會成果總覽 (上) (下)
全文與圖片詳見：
http://ens-newswire.com/ens/sep2003/
2003-09-18-03.asp
版權歸屬Environment News Service(ENS)，環境資訊協會(劉雅玲
譯，徐怡德、蔡麗伶 審校)
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Delegates recognized that few marine areas are protected by comparison to
the percentage of protected lands, and several initiatives were taken to
safeguard more coastal and marine areas.Senegalese Fisheries Minister
Pape Diouf announced the creation of four marine protected areas in
Senegal's coastal zone covering more than 7,500 square kilometers to
sustain fisheries and protect biodiversity.
The MAVA Foundation pledged five million euros to build a network of
protected areas on West Africa's coast. The program will link existing
marine protected areas, create new ones, and implement a unique regional
system of cooperation between government and civil society.
Dr. Luc Hoffmann of the MAVA Foundation said, "I am convinced that this
collaboration of six African states and many more organizations will
manage the coastal resources more effectively and help protect the
livelihoods of millions in small-scale fishing communities."
IUCN shark specialists issued a warning at the Congress that marine
protected areas may provide the only hope for some threatened shark
species. If certain species such as the sawfishes do not receive immediate
protection, they may soon be extinct, the scientists said. Not all shark
species have been discovered and some are being overfished before they are
even documented.
On land, six Latin American countries have joined forces with IUCN-The
World Conservation Union, Conservation International, the Ford Foundation,
and local partners to preserve the highland route known as the Great Inca
Trail. Spanning Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina, Chile and Colombia, the
network of protected areas will conserve the cultural and natural heritage
of the ancient empire and sustain the livelihoods of Andean communities.
IUCN, The Nature Conservancy and WWF International announced at the
Congress that they have joined forces to establish a Global Fire
Partnership that aims to prevent the kind of destructive forest fires that
raged throughout North America, Europe and other parts of the world this
past summer.
To address issues of water scarcity, the Mandela Institute, School of
Law, University of Witwatersrand, is being specifically recognized by the
IUCN Commission of Environmental Law as a center of excellence in water
law. Starting in 2004, the center will be hosting certificate and masters
level courses in water law, tailored to the needs of lawyers and other
professionals.
The state government of Amazonas, Brazil announced the establishment of
six new protected areas covering 3.8 million hectares - an area equal to
the size of Belgium holding some of the world's richest biodiversity.
Conservation International is supporting this initiative with at least
US$1 million.
Also in Brazil, the state of Amapa announced the creation of a 10
million hectare biodiversity corridor that covers 71 percent of the state,
an area slightly larger than Portugal. This newly protected area includes
the world's largest tropical rainforest park and safeguards hundreds of
unique plant and animal species. According to the agreement, the
government of Amapa will invest US$15 million over the course of four
years and Conservation International will invest US$1.6 million through
its Global Conservation Fund to guarantee the corridor's success.
Dr. Kenton Miller, chair of the IUCN World Commission on Protected
Areas, sees the Congress as a success. "Nations the world over have
adhered to the overarching agenda set in Caracas, Venezuela, at the
previous World Parks Congress [in 1993], and many targets set then have
been attained and surpassed," he said.
"The fact that more than 10 percent of the globe's surface is protected
illustrates the commitment carried forward by such events," said Dr.
Miller. "Today's agenda recognizes the benefits and ensures that they are
equitably shared. In 2013 we will be able to look back and hopefully be
proud of our new achievements."
http://ens-newswire.com/ens/sep2003/
2003-09-18-03.asp |
