英國核電廠除役 將花費數百億英磅 | 環境資訊中心
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英國核電廠除役 將花費數百億英磅

2006年04月05日
ENS英國,倫敦報導;吳紀政、蘇家億編譯;莫聞審校

Magnox核電廠英國布萊爾政府已核准一項「核能設施除役局」(Nuclear Decommissioning Authority,NDA)負責的除役核電廠場址整治綜合計畫,並宣布整個整治工作將花費700億英磅(約為1216億美元)。這份由NDA出版的計畫報告中,首次詳細說明了英國未來將如何進行國內20座核電廠的除役及整治工作。

NDA主席克利弗爵士(Anthony Cleaver)表示,除役工作的整體費用估算值仍有可能變動,「整體費用的估算,包括了核電廠停止商轉的經濟損失140億英磅(240億美元);以及除役和整治費用560億英磅(970億美元)。然而,仍有一些變動因素要考量,例如未來仍需進一步檢視的政策評估。我們的目標是在2008年以前精算出整個計畫的費用,所以相關工作仍在進行中。」

英國「地球之友」協會則指出,NDA最新的經費預估較前次版本多出了140億英磅,凸顯了「核能發電的經濟錯亂」(economic insanity of nuclear power)。他們呼籲政府不要再通過新的核子反應爐計劃,轉而投資再生能源和節能技術。地球之友執行長朱尼伯(Tony Juniper)抨擊:「為了替這些前人遺留下的高風險核子設備買單,英國納稅人要付的錢愈來愈多,現在更是高達700億英磅」。

NDA核電廠除役計畫的重要原則是:將安全、保安與環境考量擺在最優先順位,以高度危險物質減量為主要重點。這個計劃強調「以最大熱忱在可行範圍內儘快加速除役進程」。其策略方案中明訂幾項做法,包括「實質權益關係者的參與」、以及對除役與整治工作受衝擊社區提供「社會經濟的支援」。

此外,NDA表示,維護與開發技術也是計畫策略中重要的一環,因此計畫中並提議成立「核子技術研究院」與「國立核子技術學院」。NDA表示,他們將建立一套符合經濟效益的工作進程,以打造「一個高競爭力的市場,讓納稅人花的錢值回票價。」

DNA的策略文件可線上瀏覽,網址是︰www.nda.gov.uk

 

 

Cleanup of Old British Nuclear Sites to Cost Billions
LONDON, UK, March 31, 2006 (ENS)

Sellafield核電廠The cost of cleaning up Britain's old nuclear sites is estimated at £70 billion ($US121.6 billion), the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority(NDA) said Thursday, releasing a comprehensive plan that has been approved by the Blair government. The publication of the strategy sets out for the first time how the UK will tackle the decommissioning and cleanup of 20 civil nuclear sites.

NDA Chairman Sir Anthony Cleaver said the estimated total cost of cleanup is still subject to change. "Within these overall totals are the cost of our income generating commercial operations at £14 billion (US$24 billion) and the cost of decommissioning and clean-up at £56 billion (US$97 billion). However, there are a range of factors, some of which are the subject of government policy reviews which will require further assessment. We are targeted to establish the full costs of cleanup by 2008 and so this remains work in progress."

Friends of the Earth UK said that the latest figures - a £14 billion increase over previous estimates - highlighted "the economic insanity of nuclear power," and called on the government to reject a new building program of nuclear reactors and invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency instead.

Friends of the Earth Director Tony Juniper said, "UK taxpayers will have to pay the spiraling bill of dealing with Britain's dangerous nuclear legacy, which could now be as high as £70 billion."

Key principles in the NDA strategy include prioritizing safety, security and the environment by making the reduction of high hazards the key focus. The plan asserts "an aspiration to deliver accelerated decommissioning wherever feasible." The strategy includes provisions for "effective stakeholder engagement", and "socio-economic support" for communities directly affected by decommissioning and cleanup.

Maintenance and development of skills is an important part of the strategy, the NDA said, including initiatives to establish a Nuclear Skills Institute and a National Nuclear Skills Academy. The NDA says it will set up a competition schedule to create "a strong competitive market that will achieve value-for-money for the taxpayer."

The NDA Strategy document is available online at: www.nda.gov.uk