殼牌石油前進北極 歐巴馬有條件核准

The Obama Administration today announced “conditional” approval of Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc.’s plan for exploratory oil drilling in the Arctic Ocean’s Chukchi Sea starting this summer.

The U.S. Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, BOEM, approved the drilling starting in July if Shell meets a list of conditions.

Shell must obtain all necessary permits from other state and federal agencies, including permits to drill from the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement and authorizations under the Marine Mammal Protection Act.

Another condition of approval prevents Shell from commencing drilling operations until all Biological Opinions under the Endangered Species Act have been issued and requires that all operations under the plan comply with the terms and conditions included in those Biological Opinions.

BOEM officials said the approval comes after a comprehensive review and consideration of comments received from the public, stakeholders, and federal and state partner agencies and tribes.

But environmental groups are appalled at the government’s approval of the drilling in view of Shell’s ill-fated 2012 attempt to drill for oil in the Chukchi Sea. That year, one of Shell’s vessels ran aground and another, the Noble Discoverer, failed multiple government requirements.

The public interest environmental law firm Earthjustice this month submitted 38,000 comments to BOEM urging rejection of Shell’s drilling plan.

Earthjustice said in a statement today, “The company’s accident-filled efforts to drill in 2012 demonstrate that neither Shell nor any other company is ready to drill in the Arctic Ocean. Shell proved that again just last month when its Discoverer drillship was held in port due to pollution control failures. Drilling for oil in the Arctic Ocean also takes us in the wrong direction on combating climate change.”

Franz Matzner, director of the Beyond Oil Initiative at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said “This wrong-headed decision also will expose the Arctic to the likelihood of catastrophic spills in ice-choked waters more than 1,000 miles from a Coast Guard base and other critical clean-up infrastructure,” Matzner warned. “Any major Arctic Ocean spill would be impossible to clean up.”

Shell has released a video animation showing what the company would do if there is an oil spill, a plan that sounds very much like what BP attempted to do in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, when the Macondo well blew out, spewing crude oil into the Gulf for three months.

The program outlines the drilling of up to six wells within the Burger Prospect that would be completed using the drillship Noble Discoverer and the semi-submersible drilling unit Polar Pioneer. The vessels would be removed from the Chukchi Sea at the end of each drilling season.

Greenpeace Senior Research Specialist Tim Donaghy said, “Instead of holding Shell accountable and moving the country towards a sustainable future, our federal regulators are catering to an ill-prepared company in a region that does not tolerate cutting corners. Shell has a history of dangerous malfunctioning in the Arctic while global scientists agree that Arctic oil must stay in the ground if we’re to avoid catastrophic climate change.”

Additionally, the Department of the Interior released proposed Arctic standards in February tailored to the region’s challenging and unforgiving conditions. The proposed rule, which is open to public comment until May 27, includes many required measures that have been adopted previously as conditions on Shell’s Arctic operations and which BOEM also adopted in its approval of this revised exploratory plan.