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2014年冬奧會 鄰近飲用水源嚴重污染

2011年09月08日
摘譯自2011年9月1日ENS俄羅斯,索契報導;段譽豪編譯;蔡麗伶審校

2011年8月19日,有毒的泡沫物質沿著Mzymta河流到黑海。圖片來自:EWNC/Suren Gazaryan。俄國環境監測中心8月底證實,位在索契的Mzymta河長達30公里河段遭液態廢棄物污染,白色的泡沫覆蓋在河面以及黑海海岸上。

Mzymta 河是索契市整個阿德勒區(Adler)的飲用水源,而2014年冬季奧運會將在此舉行。

在河面以及阿德勒的黑海岸上,廢棄物形成了高達50公分的泡沫。

民間團體「北高加索環境監測組織(EWNC)」接到當地居民通報,由黑海循河川向上游調查物染源,長達30公里。

2011年8月19日,Mzymta河上的有毒廢棄物。圖片來自:EWNC/Suren Gazaryan。發生洩漏的2天後,EWNC的Andrei Rudomakha在8月21日的一份聲明中說,在連結阿德勒與Krasnaya Polyana的鐵路與公路上,靠近3號隧道出口處,鑽井產生的廢水流入了Mzymta的支流Kesha河。

這條道路與鐵路是索契奧運會中,最大型且最昂貴的基礎建設計畫。

他寫到,「很顯然本周隧道中的一場意外導致大量的水與廢棄物外洩,而且超過了應該盛裝那些液體的容器容量。」

「很明顯沒有人採取任何措施,以確保在緊急情況下,廢棄物不會污染受保護的Kesha河,彷彿傾倒成千上萬噸的廢水是理所當然的。」Rudomakha說道,「事實上,工人們正努力清出一條通道,讓廢水以更快的速度流入Mzymta河。」

他說。「這犯罪現場沒有國家調查員在場,人們只能猜測,監督機關會偷偷的將這事掩蓋,因為這意外很明顯與『最環保奧運會』的精神相悖。」

但俄羅斯氣象與環境監測局(Rosgidromet)在31日證實,泡沫是來自污染物,並且說測試的水樣顯示受到「高度污染」。

測試的結果顯示,污染源來自Kepsha一帶。水樣中的亞硝酸鹽氮與石油產物超過容許值3倍,磷酸鹽濃度超標4倍,合成界面活性劑則超標13倍。

EWNC在一份聲明中說,這些測試結果與俄羅斯聯邦自然資源管理局(Rosprirodnadzor)官方發言人Amirkhan Amirkhanov告訴媒體記者所說,「對索契居民無害」的說法,並不一致。

Rosgidromet並沒有指出造成這次污染的元兇,也沒有解釋,河裡這麼大量的污染物最終會如何。

籌辦2014索契冬季奧運會的過程中,Rudomakha已經看到其所謂「無數環境犯罪,其中許多是由壟斷俄羅斯鐵路的俄羅斯鐵路公司所為」,俄鐵正在興建阿德勒到Krasnaya之間的鐵路與公路。

俄羅斯鐵路公司並沒有對毒物洩漏發表任何評論。

Russian Monitors Confirm Toxic Spill to River Near 2014 Olympics
SOCHI, Russia, September 1, 2011 (ENS)

Russia's environmental monitoring service Wednesday confirmed that Sochi's Mzymta River was polluted by a 30 kilometer-long spill of liquid waste that covered the river and Black Sea shore with white foam.

The Mzymta River is a source of drinking water for the entire Adler district of the city of Sochi, location of the 2014 Winter Olympic Games.

The waste formed foamy peaks of up to 50 cm (20 inches) high on the river and on the shore of the Black Sea at Adler.

Alerted by local residents, the nongovernmental group Environmental Watch on North Caucasus inspected the source of the pollution about 30 kilometers (20 miles) up the river from the Black Sea.

A stream of drilling waste was flowing into the Kesha River, a tributary of the Mzymta, near a portal to Tunnel No.3 on the road and rail line from Adler to Krasnaya Polyana, said Andrei Rudomakha of Environmental Watch on North Caucasus in a statement on August 21, two days after the spill.

The road and rail line is one of the biggest and most expensive infrastructure projects of the Sochi Olympic Games.

"Apparently an accident this week in the tunnel resulted in a release of a large amount of waste and water, which has overfilled the provided container," he wrote.

"Clearly nobody took any measures to ensure that waste does not pollute the protected River Kesha in case of an emergency, as if dumping thousands of tons of dirty water is completely normal," Rudomakha said. "In fact, construction workers were hard at work clearing the way for waste to go into the Mzymta River more quickly."

"There were no state inspectors at the scene of this crime, and one can only predict that oversight agencies will sweep it under the rug because it clearly collides with the myth of "the greenest Olympic games," he said.

But the Russian Weather and Environmental Monitoring Service, Rosgidromet, Wednesday confirmed that the foam was caused by polluting agents, saying it tests of the water showed "high levels of pollution."

Tests showed that the source of pollution came from the Kepsha village area. The water contained three times the permitted levels of nitrogen nitrite and oil products, four times the allowed level of phosphates, and 13 times the permitted level of synthetic surfactants.

EWNC said in a statement Wednesday that these test results are "not consistent with claims by an official with Rosprirodnadzor official Amirkhan Amirkhanov, who told Russian media that the foam is "not a threat to the population of Sochi."

Rosgidromet does not name the culprit behind the pollution, nor does the agency explain how such a large amount of pollution ended up in the river.

Preparations for the 2014 Winter Games in Sochi have seen what Rudomakha calls "an infinite number of environmental crimes, many of which were caused by Russia's railroad monopoly Russian Railways," which is developing the Adler-Krasnaya Polyana road and rail line.

Russian Railways has made no comment on the toxic spill.

作者

蔡麗伶(LiLing Barricman)

In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.