法首度撥款補償核試爆受害者 波里尼西亞人不領情 | 環境資訊中心
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法首度撥款補償核試爆受害者 波里尼西亞人不領情

2009年03月30日
摘譯自2009年3月25日ENS法國,巴黎報導,吳萃慧編譯,蔡麗伶審校

法國於1970年法屬波利尼西亞島進行核子彈試爆;圖片提供:未知。法國國防部長墨爾因(Herve Morin)首次提撥1000萬歐元,補償法國1966-1996年間在阿爾及利亞(Algeria)及法屬波里尼西亞(French Polynesia)進行核子試爆的受害者。

墨爾因3月24日表示這個補償案是6月底之前將在國會提出法案的一部份。這項由國防部提撥的1000萬歐元預算案,在第一年預估要提供給受核子試爆相關疾病所苦的民眾。

法屬波里尼西亞核子測試退伍軍人團體「摩魯洛伊泰淘協會」(Association Moruroa e Tatou )理事長歐德罕(Roland Oldham)稱這項提案為「很糟的笑話」。

歐德罕向紐西蘭廣播電台(Radio New Zealand)表示:「他們這樣宣布提撥幾千萬元,好像我們應該要很高興並且卑躬屈膝地對法國政府表示感謝一樣。但事實上並不是如此,當你拿它來比較法國政府用來花在國防上的金額,這些金額只是零錢而已」。而墨爾因部長稱這項提案為「一個正確人道的解決方案。」

法國最後一次核子測試是13年前在太平洋舉行的,之後法國在1996年簽署一項協議禁止後續的測試,至此法國總共在沙哈拉(Sahara)及法屬波里尼西亞進行了210次核子測試。法國國防部在一項聲明中表示,在測試期間內共有15萬名平民及軍人曾出現在這些測試地點。他們表示:「只有4次在沙哈拉的測試產生污染的問題,10次在波里尼西亞的測試導致警戒區域(circumscribed zones)明顯的輻射落塵(radioactive fallout)」。

法國於1970年在穆魯羅瓦島作進行核子彈試爆;圖片提供:未知。墨爾因表示,法國國防部會成立一支電話服務專線來協助受害者瞭解向軍方申請補償金或殘障給付的所需步驟。一個基本上由醫師組成而由地方行政官員召集的委員會將會檢閱這些補償申請案。申請者如果不滿意委員會的個案裁決結果,將有向行政法院行使追索權的權利。

同一時間裡,不隸屬國防部的科學家們將可取得這些仍受管制的核子試爆秘密檔案,他們的報告將彙整出法國核子測試期間輻射監測工作最具體的知識及最完整的資料。

然而,歐德罕卻認為法國的計畫對受害者並沒有好處,他表示需要有一個衛生架構來協助他們,並且也不應該忽視核子試爆對環境的影響。

法國政府在4月間還有另一項議題要處理,即回應該國在太平洋核子試爆期間,無法保護法屬波里尼西亞工作者免於落塵傷害的許多訴訟。

大溪地帕皮提(Papeete)一個勞工關係法庭(industrial relations tribunal)在2008年9月15日裁定,法國必須對其在太平洋領地進行核子試爆對民眾健康所導致的結果負責。

3名過去的工作人員表示,他們的血癌就是由法國核子測試所引起的,他們會在法庭上就其案例進行抗爭。5名死於血癌的工作人員遺孀也將採取行動對抗法國政府。

摩魯洛伊泰淘協會召集人杜姆(John Doom)表示:「我們很肯定這8名受害者將贏得此訴訟,因為人不會因為到海灘就罹患血癌,是吧?我們擔心即使法官決定支持我們,法國軍隊、國防部也會對法院的裁決提起上訴,那又會要再拖上1年。如果法庭又再延遲,最後3名健康狀況欠佳的受害者會在他們看見正義之前過世。」如果這些人是生在法國,他們的繼承者便能夠繼續這項訴訟,但是當一個法屬波里尼西亞的申訴者死亡,只有遺孀可以繼續這場法律爭戰。

這些過去的工作人員及遺孀,正尋求獲得每人20萬美元與試驗輻射塵有關疾病的賠償金。

譯註:Moruroa 是地名,e Tatou為and Us之意。

Victims of French Nuclear Testing Scorn Meager Compensation
PARIS, France, March 25, 2009 (ENS)

French Defence Minister Herve Morin has offered 10 million euros to compensate, for the first time, victims of nuclear testing conducted by France both in Algeria and French Polynesia, between 1966 and 1996.
The compensation is part of a proposed bill Morin says will be presented to the Parliament by the end of June.

A budget appropriation of 10 million euros (US$13.5 million), allocated by the Ministry for Defence, is envisaged in the first year for the people suffering from diseases related to the nuclear tests, the minister said on Tuesday.

Roland Oldham, the president of the French Polynesian nuclear test veterans' group Association Moruroa e Tatou, called the offer "a bad joke."

"They announce a few million like that, just like we should be very happy, we should drop on our knees and say thank you to the French Government. But that's not the case at all, because it's peanuts," Oldham told Radio New Zealand. "It really is peanuts when you compare how the French government spends a lot of money on defense."

Minister Morin called the offer "a solution that is right and humanistic."

The last French nuclear tests were completed in the Pacific 13 years ago and a treaty prohibitng further testing was signed by France in 1996. In total, 210 tests were carried out in the Sahara and in French Polynesia. During the test period, 150,000 people, both civil and military, were present on the sites, the Defence Ministry said in a statement.

"Only four tests in the Sahara posed problems of containment and 10 tests in Polynesia gave place to significant radioactive fallout on circumscribed zones," the ministry said.

Morin said the ministry will set up a telephone service to help victims navigate the steps required to make a military request for pension or disability payments.

A committee primarily made up of doctors and chaired by a magistrate will examine the requests for compensation, he said, and applicants will have a right of recourse to an administrative court, if they are not satisfied with the decisions in their cases.

Simultaneously, scientists independent of the Defence Ministry will be given access to the secret, still classified, files concerning the nuclear tests. Their report will bring out the most precise knowledge and most complete data on radiological monitoring during the French nuclear tests, the minister said.

But Oldham says the French plan is not good for the victims. He says there needs to be a health structure to help them, and that the environmental impact of the nuclear testing should not be ignored.

In a separate proceeding in April, the French government must respond to charges it failed to protect its French Polynesian workers from fall-out during the Pacific nuclear tests.

An industrial relations tribunal in Papeete, Tahiti determined on September 15, 2008 that France must account for the consequences of nuclear testing on the health of people in its Pacific territory.

Three former workers who claim their blood cancers were caused by French nuclear testing will argue their case before the tribunal. The widows of five workers who died of blood cancers are also taking action against France.

"We have no doubt these eight will win their case because you can't get leukemia on the beach, huh? We are afraid that even if the judge decides in our favor, the army in France, the Defence Ministry, all will appeal the decision and it will take another year," says Moruroa e Tatou coordinator John Doom.

"If the court delays again, the last three will die before they see justice. They are really not in good health," said Doom. If the men had been born in France, their descendants could continue with the claim. But when a French Polynesian complainant dies, only the widow can continue the legal battle.

Each of the former workers and widows is seeking compensation of $US200,000 for illnesses related to radioactive fallout from the tests.

作者

蔡麗伶(LiLing Barricman)

In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.