全美各職業運動聯盟在8日行動一致,支持體育場館裝置太陽能與潔淨能源,以協助遏止氣候變遷。
美國職棒大聯盟(MLB)、國家美式足球聯盟(NFL)、美國職籃聯盟(NBA)、美國冰上曲棍球聯盟,與美國職業足球大聯盟發出一封信件,鼓勵所有所屬球隊與設施開始使用太陽能。
「你會預期洛杉磯斯台普斯中心(Staples Center)擁有太陽能,但可能不認為西雅圖也會有。」奎斯特運動場暨活動中心(Qwest Field and Event Center)的總經理助理班吉(Darryl Benge)說道,奎斯特是西雅圖海鷹隊的主場。
他表示:「就算我們的城市以多雨的天氣而聞名,我們還是會很高興能生產部份我們所需的電力,證明再生能源在哪裡都行得通。」
各運動聯盟分發一份太陽能發展指南,這是由聯盟的諮詢團體自然資源保護委員會(NRDC)與博那維爾環境基金會(Bonneville Environmental Foundation, BEF)代為製作。該指南強調每一個場館都需要就地加裝太陽能發電設施,納入場館的能源組成之中。
班吉說:「我們利用NRDC與BEF提供的資訊來評估場地,並研擬一份[太陽能]系統設置的服務徵求說明書,我們將會安裝在活動中心屋頂上。」
環保團體表示,各聯盟大力擁抱太陽能,傳達給數百萬球迷與活動參加者一個強有力的訊息,也可能對球隊的經營損益大有影響。
在大多數美國城市裡,安裝太陽能板可以回收成本,長期而言可能足以抵銷大筆的能源花費。以洛杉磯斯台普斯中心來說,目前太陽能陣列系統生產的電力已佔該中心整體能源需求的5%。
該指南提供了按部就班的敘述,使人了解如何開始著手在場館安裝太陽能板。裡面也概述了使用不同技術會有何優點和需要克服的問題,以及有關裝置位置、太陽能電板尺寸與成本估算的概念。指南中為各職業球隊經營者針對裝設初期成本的融資提供建議,並估算在不同位置安裝,各需多少時間以生產的電力回收初期成本,以及計算減少的溫室氣體。
指南中以洛杉磯斯台普斯中心作為案例,說明如何將太陽能整合進運動設施中。斯台普斯中心為美國職籃洛杉磯湖人隊、快艇隊、女子職業籃球火花隊、冰上曲棍球國王隊以及美式足球復仇者隊的主場,同時也舉辦許多大型活動與音樂會。
斯台普斯中心目前擁有1727個太陽能板,安裝於屋頂上。管理者表示,該中心太陽能的系統發電量為345.6千瓦,將可在未來25年對環境做出補償。其效益包括削減1萬噸以上的二氧化碳、33噸以上的一氧化二氮─此為另一種主要的溫室氣體,以及超過27噸二氧化硫。
該指南也提及最近裝設太陽能陣列系統的美國航空中心球場(US Airways Center),位於亞利桑那州鳳凰城。2009年,鳳凰城太陽隊、鳳凰城市政府與亞利桑納公共事業(電力)公司合作,在航空中心球場停車場五樓裝設太陽能板。1125塊尚德科技(Suntech)的太陽能板鋪設面積達18000平方英尺,有助於抵減該場館的傳統能源使用。
※ 太陽能指南下載網址:http://www.nrdc.org/greenbusiness/guides/sports/solarguide.asp
Professional sports leagues across the country today moved as one in support of solar power and clean energy in arenas and stadiums to help curb climate change.
Major League Baseball, the National Football League, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League, and Major League Soccer delivered a letter encouraging all their teams and facilities to begin using solar power.
"You expect solar on the Staples Center, but maybe not in Seattle," said Darryl Benge, assistant general manager of Qwest Field and Event Center, home to the Seattle Seahawks football team.
"But despite our town's reputation for rainy weather, we are excited to generate some of our own electricity and show that renewable energy can work everywhere," Benge said.
The leagues distributed a solar development guide produced on their behalf by advocacy groups the Natural Resources Defense Council, NRDC, and Bonneville Environmental Foundation, BEF. The guide outlines the work necessary for each stadium to add on-site solar power generation to its energy mix.
Benge said, "We used the information provided by NRDC and BEF to evaluate our sites and build an Request for Proposals for the [solar] system we will be putting on our event center roof."
The environmental groups say the leagues' embrace of solar power sends a strong message to millions of fans and event-goers and it could have a big impact on the teams' bottom lines too.
In most American cities, solar panels can pay for themselves, potentially offsetting significant energy costs in the long-term. Los Angeles' Staples Center, for example, currently meets five percent of the facility's total energy needs with a solar power array.
The guide offers a step-by-step outline on how to begin moving forward with on-site solar panels. They include an overview of the advantages and challenges that come with various technologies, and ideas on locating panels and their dimensions, cost estimates. There are suggestions on financing the initial installation costs, as well location-specific estimates on time for the energy generated to payback initial costs and greenhouse gas savings for each pro team market.
The guide uses Staples Center in Los Angeles as an example of how to integrate solar power into a sports facility. Staples Center serves as home to the L.A. Lakers and L.A. Clippers basketball teams, the L.A. Sparks women's basketball team, the L.A. Kings ice hockey team, and the L.A. Avengers football team well as hosting special events and concerts.
Staples Center currently has 1,727 solar panels installed on its rooftop. The 345.6 kilowatt system associated with the Staples Center will provide environmental offsets over the next 25 years, management of the center says. These benefits include the elimination of over 10,000 tons of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, over 33 tons of nitrous oxide, another of the principal greenhouse gases and more than 27 tons of sulfur dioxide.
The guide also points to the newly installed solar array at the US Airways Center in Phoenix, Arizona. In 2009, the Phoenix Suns organization, the City of Phoenix and APS partnered to install solar panels on the fifth level of the US Airways Center parking garage. The 1,125 Suntech solar panels covering about 18,000 square feet are generating electricity to help offset the traditional energy usage of the arena.
全文及圖片詳見:ENS報導