聯合國:營建業為溫室氣體大戶 未發揮減碳潛能 | 環境資訊中心
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聯合國:營建業為溫室氣體大戶 未發揮減碳潛能

2008年12月11日
摘譯自2008年12月8日ENS波蘭,波茲南報導;王牧農編譯; 蔡麗伶、禾引審校

圖說:位於威靈頓以永續工法所建設之房舍。圖片提供:Tom Walter全球溫室氣體排放之三分之一來自建築物的能源使用,然而根據聯合國環境規劃署(UNEP)發行的新報告顯示,對於對抗氣候變遷,營造業的潛能尚未被敲通。

這份報告於12月6日於波茲南舉行的聯合國討論氣候變遷會議最後回合之政府論壇所公佈。協商目標為達成在京都協議書於2012年有效承諾期終止後的繼任協定。然而,4000多個計畫案裡僅有10個納入提供資金給降低排放倡議的清潔發展機制(Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism)內,作為建築物能源使用的約束機制。

2007年共同獲得諾貝爾和平獎殊榮的聯合國跨政府氣候變遷小組(IPCC)警告,與建築物相關的溫室氣體排放可從2004年的9億噸加倍成至2030年的16億噸。

聯合國環境規劃署負責人史坦納(Achim Steiner)表示,「至今數多報告強調從現存建築及新建建築來對付排放問題,包含從被動式及主動式的太陽能、低能暖氣和冷卻系統,以及節能系統等方面下手,可節省大筆費用以獲取成本效益性。」

Kuyasa居民所裝設的省能燈管 。圖片提供:UN Chronicle多數全球調查均顯示於2030年可在減低淨算成本下,於2030年減低住宅及商業建築物溫室氣體排放至30百分比。

有效的因應措施包含通風及保溫系統的改善,進一步加強天然光源、太能陽及其他天然熱能的使用。

造成建築物產業在清潔發展機制啟動6年後,仍維持在未敲通的階段,主要因素為僅有少數建築物計畫進入機制的管道。近一半的計畫案皆在註冊階段時被退回。

根據「京都協議,清潔發展機制及建築和營造產業」報告顯示,昂貴的行政費用和弱財經動機為清潔發展機制核准門檻的障礙。

Construction Industry Could Trim Climate Emissions Cheaply
POZNAN, Poland, December 8, 2008 (ENS)

Energy use in buildings accounts for one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions, but the potential of the construction sector to combat climate change has not been tapped, according to a new report issued by the United Nations Environment Programme.

The report was released Saturday to governments meeting in Poznan for the latest round of UN climate change talks. The negotiations are aimed at reaching agreement on a successor pact to the Kyoto Protocol, whose first commitment period ends in 2012.

Today's commercially available technologies make it possible to halve energy consumption in both new and old buildings without significant investment, the report finds.

Yet only 10 out of some 4,000 projects in the pipeline of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism, which finances initiatives that help reduce emissions, are designed to curb the use of energy in buildings.

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, co-recipient of last year's Nobel Peace Prize, has warned that building-related emissions could nearly double from almost nine billion tons in 2004 to nearly 16 billion in 2030.

"Report after report is now underlining the huge, cost-effective savings possible from addressing emissions from existing buildings alongside designing new ones that include passive and active solar up to low-energy heating and cooling systems and energy-efficient systems," said UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner.

Dozens of surveys conducted worldwide show that up to 30 percent reduction in emissions from residential and commercial buildings can be achieved by 2030 at a net negative cost.

Effective measures include improved ventilation and insulation, stepped up use of natural lighting and the use of solar and other natural heat sources.

The sector remains virtually untapped because six years after the start of the Clean Development Mechanism, very few building projects have managed to enter its pipeline. Nearly half of all proposals were rejected during the registration phase.

High administrative costs and weak financial incentives as being among the barriers for approval by the CDM, according to the report entitled "The Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism, and the Building and Construction Sector.

作者

蔡麗伶(LiLing Barricman)

In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.