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毒物、鳥與狼:歐洲最新法律議題

2008年04月08日
摘譯自2008年4月3日 ENS比利時,布魯賽爾報導;范仕穎編譯;蔡麗伶審校

正在確認化學物質是否安全的義大利工作者。圖片來源:Campioni歐洲委員會目前打算將義大利送上歐洲法院審議,原因是義大利對於重大工業設施的有毒物質災害,沒有擬定相關應變計畫。

環境委員會的委員迪瑪斯(Dimas)指出:「義大利官方必須實行危機處理計畫,當重大工業意外發生時,用以保護他的人民和環境。」歐盟法規中針對重大意外中的有毒物質控制的規定,必須要求成員國針對環繞儲藏或是處理大量危險物質的工業設施,建立危機處理計畫。這條法律要求成員國的政府於2002年2月3日前擬定對於這樣工業設施的危機處理計畫。

於2007的10月歐盟委員會向義大利發出最後通牒,強調義國國內有超過20%的儲存或處理危險物質的工業設施,並無相關的緊急應變計畫。在其兩次於2007年12月的回應之中,義大利承認此缺失並承諾會準備剩下未完成的計畫。委員會無法接受這樣的回應,因此決議將義大利送上歐洲法庭審議。

匈牙利每年大約有3萬頭鳥被電死。圖片來源:MME另一方面,關於候鳥保護區的成立,委員會也已向匈牙利發出最後的書面警告,因為該國沒有將歐盟保護野鳥的環境法列入國內議案。該指令的條文仍沒有適當地於匈牙利國內的法規執行,包括在戶外拿取鳥蛋和針對特定品種的禁止補殺。

關於芬蘭的獵狼行為,迪瑪斯指出委員會已經針對反對芬蘭核准獵殺狼隻的議案已經結案,因為芬蘭已表示會遵守2007年歐洲法庭的決議。在2007年6月該法庭判決芬蘭准許獵殺狼隻的案例,已違反了保護自然棲地和野生動植物的法條,因為芬蘭無法明確說明在什麼樣的情況下狼群是可以被獵捕的。芬蘭遵循了法院的判決,已經採行並明確規定,獵捕野狼的條件和法規。

European Legal Issues: Hazardous Substances, Birds, Wolves
BRUSSELS, Belgium, April 3, 2008 (ENS)

The European Commission is bringing Italy before the European Court of Justice for failing to draw up emergency plans in case of major accidents for installations where hazardous substances are present.

Environment Commissioner Stavros Dimas said, "The Italian authorities must implement contingency plans to protect its citizens and the environment from the consequences of major industrial accidents."

EU legislation on controlling the hazardous consequences of major accidents involving dangerous substances requires member states to set up emergency plans for areas surrounding industrial installations that store or handle large quantities of dangerous substances.

The law requires authorities in member states to draw up emergency plans for these installations by February 3, 2002.

In October 2007 the Commission sent Italy a final warning letter highlighting that more than 20 percent of installations storing or handling dangerous substances did not have emergency plans.

In its two December 2007 responses Italy acknowledged this shortcoming and stated its commitment to prepare the remaining emergency plans.

The Commission believes this state of affairs to be unacceptable and so is taking Italy before the European Court of Justice.

On another matter, the establishment of protected areas for migratory birds, the Commission is sending Hungary a final written warning for not putting in place national measures for implementing this EU environmental law for the protection of wild birds.

The articles of the directive that are still not properly implemented into national law concern the taking of eggs in the wild and specific prohibitions for the hunting of certain species.

Concerning wolf hunting in Finland, Dimas said the Commission is closing its case against Finland on the granting of permits for wolf hunting because it considers that Finland has complied with a 2007 European Court of Justice ruling.

In June 2007 the court ruled that Finland had breached this law on the conservation of natural habitats and wild animals and plants by granting permits for the hunting of wolves which failed to specify the conditions under which they could be hunted.

Following the court's ruling Finland adopted legislation that clarified the rules on the granting of permits to hunt wolves.

全文及圖片詳見:ENS

作者

蔡麗伶(LiLing Barricman)

In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.