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保育新氣象 布希時代國有土地出租計畫叫停

2009年02月09日
摘譯自2009年2月4日ENS美國,華盛頓報導;施宏燕編譯;莫聞審校

美國猶他州內鄰近國家公園由自然力量形成的自然雕塑。圖片提供:V.T. Veen。

布希政府時代,美國猶他州內鄰近國家公園與遺跡的77區土地出租予以開發石油與天然氣一案,4日遭內政部長沙拉薩(Ken Salazar)叫停。此案由土地管理局(BLM)於2008年12月對外拍賣出租土地使用權。

沙拉薩在記者會上聲明:「我已經指示土地管理局不要接受這77區的投標。我們認為出租開發後續的環境評估程序並不完善。」這些共13萬2千公頃被出租的土地位於拱門國家公園與大峽谷國家公園、恐龍國家保護區以及九哩峽谷附近。

沙拉薩表示他也已指示土地管理局繳回自12月9日以來約600萬美金的開標作業費用。他說明此一決定是合於現行法定的程序與內政部的許可,並註明只要土地管理局尚未正式接受下標,政府租售契約就不算完成,這些租賃拍賣案就是如此。

沙拉薩補充,1月17日華盛頓的聯邦法庭已受理一項由超過100萬美國人民所發起抵制這些出租案的訴訟案件,這些反對者來自猶他州與美國各地的環境團體。「而這不代表這些77塊區域內的土地不會再租出,未來可能僅出租部份,但也不排除會擴大出租面積。」沙拉薩補充表示。

提出訴訟的抗議聯盟團體成員團體──國家資源保衛委員會(NRDC)理事勞勃瑞福(Robert Redford)表示:「這項宣布,象徵政府的土地管理方式正在翻轉,撇開過去8年充斥貪婪與暗盤交易的作法。」

NRDC資深發言人(Sharon Buccino)表示贊同:「沙拉薩部長如此堅決的作法肯定了美國野生環境的珍貴無價,並為政府帶來新氣象。這些土地上的開發對於我們的能源安全來說,並不具有任何實質的影響,我們不需要犧牲西部最後的野生區給石油工業。」

地球正義發言人(Robin Cooley)也表示:「沙拉薩部長不只是降低某些珍貴的西部土地上的損壞──他也將常識帶入野生環境管理。開發這些土地最多只能生成我們每天1.5小時維持一整年所需的能源。」

山巒俱樂部(Sierra Club)主席Myke Bybee表示:「我們非常高興沙拉薩部長了解到如拱門國家公園和九哩峽谷等國寶的珍貴價值,我們期待與沙拉薩部長和歐巴瑪政府一起努力投資於能源效率以及能為在地社區帶來經濟效益的乾淨能源,又同時能夠保護美國的野生環境資產。」國家史跡保存基金會(NTHP)主席Richard Moe也表示:「沙拉薩部長的決定表露出歐巴瑪政府施政上保育美國公有地的強烈訊息。這是非常好的決定,也表示出沙拉薩部長與歐巴馬總統認為他們作為國家土地之公僕須身負重任。」 國家公園內留有史前時代的岩壁藝術。圖片提供: Jeff Hayes。

在2008年12月猶他州出租拍賣案之前,土地管理局在2008年10月也因為同樣備受爭議的6個猶他州西部與南部土地管理計畫,這些計畫讓石油和天然氣鑽井滿塞於原本的紅石國度。

荒野協會(Wilderness Society)的Nada Culver表示:「內政部的決策十分令人愉快,然而我們仍必須著重土地使用計畫上的顯著缺失,否則可預見下次猶他州在2009年3月的租賃拍賣時有更多的出租決定。」

Bush-Era Oil and Gas Leases Near Utah Parks Canceled
WASHINGTON, DC, February 4, 2009 (ENS)

Sales of oil and gas leases on 77 parcels of land near national parks and monuments in Utah were halted today by Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar. The parcels were auctioned by the Bureau of Land Management in December 2008.

"I have directed the BLM not to accept the bids on these 77 parcels," Salazar said at a news conference. "The environmental review process followed, in our view, was not complete."
Covering 132,000 acres, the lease parcels are located near Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Dinosaur National Monument, and Nine Mile Canyon.

Salazar said he has directed the BLM to return the approximately $6 million collected for the leases after the December 19 lease sale.

He explained that this decision is in compliance with existing processes and authorities of the Secretary of the Interior, adding that government lease sale contracts are not complete until the BLM formally accepts the bids, "which it has not done with these bids."

In addition, Salazar noted, on January 17 a federal district court in Washington, DC granted a motion for a temporary restraining order on these leases in a case brought by a coalition of Utah and national environmental groups representing more than one million Americans.

"That doesn't mean that at some point in time there won't be additional leases with respect with these 77 parcels," the secretary said today. "It may be there is a portion or even a large part of it that will be subject to a new lease sale in the future," he said.

"I see this announcement as a sign that after eight long years of rapacious greed and backdoor dealings, our government is returning a sense of balance to the way it manages our lands," said Robert Redford, a trustee of the Natural Resources Defense Council, a group within the suing coalition.

"This bold action by Secretary Salazar reaffirms the priceless value of America's wilderness and signals a new day for Washington," said Sharon Buccino, senior attorney for NRDC. "The development of these lands would not have had any real impact on our energy security and we don't need to sacrifice the West's last wild places at the hands of the oil industry."

"Secretary Salazar isn't just sparing some remarkable Western lands from destruction - he's bringing common sense back into wilderness management," said Robin Cooley, an Earthjustice attorney who represented the conservation groups with NRDC and SUWA. "At best these lands will produce only 1.5 hours of the oil we use in a whole year."

"We're pleased that Secretary Salazar recognizes the value of national treasures like Arches National Park and Nine Mile Canyon," said Sierra Club representative Myke Bybee. "We are looking forward to working with Secretary Salazar and the Obama administration to invest in efficiency and the kind of clean energy that will bring economic benefits to local communities, while protecting America's wilderness legacy."
"Secretary Salazar's decision sends a strong message about the Obama administration's approach to preserving America's public lands," said Richard Moe, president of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. "This is a great decision, and indicates that Secretary Salazar and President Obama take very seriously their responsibility as stewards of our public lands."

The December Utah lease sale followed the BLM's equally controversial issuance in October of six management plans for public lands across eastern and southern Utah, which opened up much of red rock country to oil and gas drilling and off-road vehicles.
"The secretary's action is very gratifying," said Nada Culver of The Wilderness Society. "However, the underlying deficiencies of the land use plans still must be addressed, or we could continue to see more bad leasing decisions when the BLM has its next Utah lease sale in March."