據世界自然基金會（WWF）17日公布的一項調查報告顯示，全球的咖啡飲用者很多，但這些人或許不曉得杯內的咖啡原豆，是非法種植於瀕絕老虎、大象與犀牛所棲息的印尼國家公園。
位於蘇門答臘島南端的布吉巴瑞杉西拉坦（Bukit Barisan Selatan）國家公國，除了是蘊涵島上最後一塊低地森林的世界遺產址，也是3個瀕絕物種賴以為生的重要棲地之一。此外，島上robusta品種的咖啡豆是市售即溶咖啡包的主要原料，印尼因此成為世界上第二大robusta豆產銷國。由於布吉巴瑞杉西拉坦國家公園是受保護地區，因此園區內任何關於咖啡的種植、栽培與販售皆屬於非法行為。然而世界自然基金會調查發現，光是自耕農在園內栽植咖啡的面積就超過45,657公頃，許多受影響的野生生物因而離開了其原生棲地。
世界自然基金會相信，由於當地尚未發展出成熟的規範措施，大多數採購咖啡的公司未能警覺到原料的非法性。不過，一些與WWF接觸的咖啡公司已展現出，他們願意在國家公園外另闢永續且合法咖啡產地的支持態度。WWF表示，如此一來，咖啡農可以保有維生的市場通路，以可靠、永續且合法的方式，繼續提供業者所需的咖啡原料。一旦咖啡生產與環境損害移往公園邊界之外後，園內的犀牛、老虎與大象將成為最大的受惠者。
Coffee illegally grown in an Indonesian national park inhabited by endangered tigers, elephants and rhinos fills the cups of unsuspecting coffee drinkers around the world, according to an investigative report released today by the global conservation organization WWF.
Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park on the southern tip of Sumatra Island, is a World Heritage site containing some of Sumatra's last lowland forests, and is one of the most important habitats left for the three endangered or critically endangered species. Indonesia is the world’s second largest exporter of robusta, which is often used in instant coffee and packaged coffee sold in supermarkets. But Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is a protected area. Therefore, the coffee is illegally planted, grown and sold. WWF’s investigation found that small-scale farmers are growing coffee on more than 45,657 hectares of park land. Most wildlife has already abandoned those areas.
WWF determined that most of the companies buying the coffee likely were unaware of its illegal origins, based on the lack of regulations in the region. Some of the coffee companies approached by WWF have indicated they are willing to support the development of sustainable, legal coffee production outside the park. WWF says this would ensure a reliable market for coffee farmers and provide a reliable, sustainable source of legal coffee for the companies. The park’s rhinos, tigers and elephants would benefit from having coffee production and the resulting environmental damage moved outside the park boundaries.
作者
In my healing journey and learning to attain the breath awareness, I become aware of the reality that all the creatures of the world are breathing the same breath. Take action, here and now. From my physical being to the every corner of this out of balance's planet.
